What is IF?
Tests a condition and returns one value if TRUE, another value if FALSE. The foundation of logical decision-making in Excel formulas.
Syntax
=IF(logical_test, value_if_true, [value_if_false])
Example
Formula: =IF(A1>10, \
Result: High
How It Works
If the value in A1 is greater than 10, it returns 'High', otherwise 'Low'. If A1 contains 15, the result is 'High'. IF statements can be nested up to 64 levels deep, though IFS is often cleaner for multiple conditions.